Declaration of independence essay

Australian Soldiers Fighting on the Kokoda Trail During WW2. Why was it so difficult for the Australians to of independence, fight on the Kokoda Trail in 1942 during WW2? The battle of the thesis on immigration reform Kokoda Trail occurred from declaration of independence essay July 1942 until January 1943 and aviation is known as one of the most important battles of WW2. Located in of independence essay, Papua New Guinea, the Australian soldiers fought against the Japanese army in order to protect Australia. The Kokoda was the ‘bloodiest’ of all battles in WW2 and included great involvement from the Australian soldiers. It was very difficult for the soldiers to fight in on training and development, the battle. They had to rely on the Fuzzy Wuzzy Angels for help while they were struggling with the conditions and illnesses that the declaration of independence battle had to offer. The Kokoda Trail was a very difficult battle to be involved in and the Australian soldiers looked to and relied on the Fuzzy Wuzzy Angels for help and assistance.

The Fuzzy Wuzzy Angels were the indigenous people of Papua New Guinea. The Australians gave them their nickname because of their crazy and fuzzy hair. Essays? As the war was very difficult, the Fuzzy Wuzzys got involved and of independence essay helped out the Australians as much as they could. Need essay sample on Australian Soldiers Fighting on the Kokoda Trail During WW2 ? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you for strategy only $12.90/page. Declaration Of Independence? As there was no time to challenges of teaching, help the declaration sick and wounded, the soldiers had to rely on the Fuzzy Wuzzys to treat them. They would turn into ‘human ambulances’ and carry the wounded back to thesis on immigration reform, their village where they would then treat them and make them feel better (Ham, 2004, p. 211). When the Australians were injured they would take off the bandages and rub their wounds with bush medicine or give them what they needed to have a fast recovery. The Fuzzy Wuzzys would be there at every call at any time of the day or night to assist the patients.

Considering they knew nothing about the war until the troops started moved through their area, they were very generous and kind-hearted. P Ham stated “The men were not the only ones helping; the declaration of independence woman would carry the food too” (Ham, 2004, p. 211). The Fuzzy Wuzzys also helped the men come to terms with the conditions and what was happening during that time. If it wasn’t for the Fuzzy Wuzzys the conditions and management circumstances would have been far more difficult to deal with. While the battle was taking place, the soldiers formed a close friendship with the Fuzzy Wuzzys and the relationship they had made them even more determined to keep on fighting. Declaration Of Independence? Because the soldiers had formed a good friendship with the aviation thesis Fuzzy Wuzzys, they knew that they could count on them to be there when the soldiers needed them the most.

They usually needed them the most to help and mend the sick and injured, deliver food to them while fighting or help protect the frontline from the enemy (Lindsay, 2009, p. Declaration Of Independence? 62). The Fuzzy Wuzzys saved hundreds of witing essays, soldier’s lives and declaration of independence Australia has hailed them as heroes’ for their brave commitment. Without them, the soldiers wouldn’t have been able to on brand, win due to the difficult conditions. Throughout the battle of of independence essay, Kokoda there were many problems that the challenges soldiers had to overcome due to the difficult conditions such as shortages in food, ammunition and equipment that they required. Apart from the difficult fighting, half of the men died from the of independence harsh conditions such as exhaustion and lack of food and water. The soldiers were fighting every minute and it became very exhausting.

The terrain was undulated to the extreme and there was no short cut. There was only reform one way and declaration that always meant they had to climb the steepest mountains. Bill James stated “A modern day bushwalker could walk the same distance in dissertations on brand strategy, one hour that it took the soldiers all night to do” (James, 2006, p. 53). This proves that the conditions of the track made it very difficult to survive especially when they were exhausted and some wounded. Along with the difficult conditions, the soldiers had to carry all of their belonging on their back. They were required to carry 25-30kg of food, ammunition and equipment. ‘The Australian’ WWII Kokoda and New Guinea magazine stated, the equipment that they had to carry included; headgear, weapons, uniforms, footwear and very often walking sticks. Declaration? Carrying all of this made everything far more difficult.

The Australians struggled with food and ammunition because it was so difficult to get the supplies up the track due to the conditions. Sometimes, by the time the food and materials reached the soldiers it was either wet from the rain or half of it got lost on dissertation on training, the way. Dealing with the declaration of independence food and ammunition shortages, the track conditions they also had to deal with the serendipity weather. While fighting on the Kokoda it rained almost every day. Patrick Lindsay stated that the total rainfall that was recorded while the battle was taking place was approximately five metres (Lindsay, 2009, p. 55). Essay? The rainfall along with the essays serendipity other conditions made it extremely difficult for the Australians to fight. The soldiers also suffered emotionally when their friends and other Australians died as they were all very close to each other. Some statistics from the declaration essay Field Guide to Kokoda howed that there was over 400 Australian soldiers killed due to the fighting and sicknesses and 1600 wounded. All of the struggles that the soldiers had to challenges of teaching critical, deal with contribute to how just how difficult the battle actually was.

At the battle of Kokoda, the conditions were so difficult and beyond imaginable that it caused many illnesses and diseases that the soldiers had to overcome. While the battle was taking place there were more soldiers brought out of the battlefield due to illnesses than wounded. Both sides suffered many casualties due to sickness caused by tropical diseases. Due to the weather conditions, the wetness made the diseases spread even faster. The most common tropical diseases were malaria, parasitic infections and diseases caused by insects and mosquitoes (The Kokoda Trail). As these diseases were spreading around the soldiers, some of the declaration of independence time they had to call in doctors to operate. Saying this, the doctors could not operate near the front line due to the atrocious conditions and the continual attacks from the critical thinking Japanese. This meant that if a soldier was not given medical help within a certain amount of time he would die. This happened in some cases. Men with serious wounds would get little treatment to ease the pain. McKinlay stated that they needed eight men to relieve the wounded and essay eight men to carry the stretcher (McKinlay, 2004, p. Management Master? 45).

Carrying a wounded soldier was a very difficult task. Through some parts of the track a stretcher had to be passed hand over hand up hill. This made it very difficult for the sick and wounded to get the help that they needed. Not only did the wetness cause the essay tropical diseases. Soldiers would quickly become malnourished, weakened and susceptible to catch one of the diseases (McKinlay, 2004, p. 5). Sublet, a lieutenant Colonel that fought in the Kokoda battle stated that having an alliance with the United States offered great relief for those Australians who were sick and wounded. The Kokoda Trail was so difficult for the Australian soldiers to fight in as the conditions were so horrific.

The soldiers were faced with supply shortages, illnesses and wounds along with the help from The Fuzzy Wuzzy Angels. The Kokoda Trail was an important part in Australian history and all of the essays soldiers are to be remembered and honoured as heroes for protecting our country.

Beat the Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS): How to Survive Resume Reading Robots. By Resume Genius / September 29, 2014. Here’s an experience you’ve probably had: You write a solid resume for the perfect position at a big-name company, and send it off with an essay earnest cover letter. Unfortunately, besides an automated email reply, you hear absolutely nothing back. You feel crushed — you think some hiring manager on the other end actually read through the entirety of your resume and aviation management master thesis concluded that you weren’t qualified for the job. But here’s the twist — chances are, no human has even laid eyes on your application. The truth?

You were probably rejected by resume reading robot called an Applicant Tracking System (ATS). You were probably rejected by resume reading robot called an Applicant Tracking System (ATS). Welcome to the 21st century. Declaration! Large and even medium sized firms are using ATS to deal with the hundreds, if not thousands of applicants who are applying to the same positions every day. This resume reading software allows these companies to to automate, streamline, and manage the hiring process. Why are companies allowing robots to on immigration reform, make human resource decisions? Going through resumes to screen applicants is tedious work. But the declaration, ATS speeds up this process by identifying candidates whose resumes contain key experiences and skill sets that match the qualifications employers are seeking. According to management, a popular study conducted by search services provider Preptel, as many as 75% of the essay, candidates don’t make it past the ATS screening. It may seem brutal, but this screening process does the job of whittling down a cumbersome applicant pool into on immigration, just a handful of applicants that the human hiring managers can review more closely. Here’s the takeaway for living in the age of resume reading robots — a well-crafted, ATS friendly resume is declaration essay absolutely critical to a successful job hunt.

Here’s the takeaway for living in the age of resume reading robots — a well-crafted, ATS friendly resume is absolutely critical to a successful job hunt. Qualified candidates that fail to make an ATS friendly resume will get rejected, period. Here are 4 reasons that even the most qualified candidates can fail to on brand, After combing the web and consulting some of our in-house experts at Resume Genius, we zero in on the most common reasons why resumes of declaration of independence essay even the most qualified candidates fail to pass screening. Reason #1: The ATS can’t actually process your resume. Warning: The ATS will fail to read your artistic additions to your resume . Although a human hiring manager might appreciate a little flair, the resume robot will simply incinerate your resume without a second thought. It would be a shame for aviation management master thesis your resume to get screen out because the ATS is of independence unable to read it. Basic rule of thumb: keep your fonts and formatting simple. Scrap inventive layouts, graphics, or artifacts that affect the readability of your resume. Sometimes the ATS will use a built-in optical character recognition (OCR) software to processes your digital resume. Thesis! It scans your file, converts it into a text format, then extracts your information and experiences from there.

While the ATS is getting better at reading PDF files, it’s still safer to feed the system a Word or Text file. Do away with any adjusted spacing, newsletter formatting, lines. Declaration Of Independence Essay! Go with the clean, standard fonts like Arial, Verdana, and witing essays Times New Roman. Scrap inventive layouts, graphics, or artifacts that affect the readability of declaration essay your resume. Reason #2: The ATS doesn’t recognize the headings you used. Applicant Tracking System software is built to sort your experiences based on the resume’s section headings. If you’ve written a different heading than normal — say “Major Abilities” instead of essays “Skills,” it will skip over that section if it is unable to essay, determine what your heading stands for, the dissertation proposal on training, CIO reports. People like to get creative with headings, thinking that it will help their resume stand out.

Unfortunately, unconventional headings can actually hurt it. Help the software do its job. Use the declaration, standard headings “Work Experience”, “Skills”, “Publications” so you don’t stand the risk of the resume bot placing your qualifications under the dissertations strategy, wrong categories, or misreading your headings altogether. Reason #3: Your resume lacks targeted keywords. By now, you’ve formatted your resume properly, and used normal headings. Here’s the meat of essay how an ATS actually reads your resume. It’s looking for dissertations targeted keywords. First, the hiring manager will input certain keywords and key phrases into the software, each relevant to the role they need filled. For example, an software company hiring manager might use these keywords: Next, the ATS software will read through each resume, and declaration of independence determine whether the it has enough keywords and key phrases to pass through the screening.

If the percentage is serendipity high enough, your resume will successfully be reviewed by of independence, an actual human. Your ability to on training and development, use the right keywords depends on declaration essay two things: Do you actually have the relevant skills, abilities, education, and essays serendipity work experiences? If you do have all or some from declaration of independence essay #1, doing good research and giving your resume a hard look-over will get you through the ATS. The best place to begin is to read the hiring manager’s very own job description. From that job description, you can see what keywords and key phrases they emphasize a potential applicant should have. If they include them in the job description, it’s highly likely they’ve also input them into the ATS. The image below contains a real example of a librarian job description, and on brand strategy the image next to it reflects what we believe are important keywords a librarian applicant should include on their resumes: Normal Job Description.

Job Description with ATS Keywords Highlighted. GREEN HIGHLIGHT: Keywords that are CRITICAL to getting past the ATS. YELLOW HIGHLIGHT: Keywords that will please the human hiring manager, or are ATS keywords of lower importance. The job post gives you good clues about keywords and experiences employers are seeking. Declaration Of Independence Essay! It’ll serve you well to read those job descriptions closely, and master thesis identify important competencies and skill sets. Place emphasis on these matched experiences in your resume. It’s also helpful include both specific and essay general keywords in the mix. Witing Essays! ATS uses all of these keywords into of independence, certain job functions. For your previous position as “team leader”, include job-specific buzzwords such as “coordinate”, “manage”, but having the general keyword “project coordinator”, “project manager” will help to strengthen your resume. Be sure to try out our ATS-friendly resume building software that comes with over 50,000 professionally-written phrases and job-specific keywords.

Reason #4: Your resume has too many nonspecific keywords. Some have suggested “hacking” the resume bot by submitting two or three-page long resumes that exhaust all keywords that are relevant to thesis on immigration reform, the job. That’s not a good idea — even if it did work (it doesn’t), it certainly won’t impress the human hiring manager. you can’t stuff your resume with an exhaustive list of declaration of independence essay experiences and hope to game the system into on immigration, thinking you’re a perfect match. According to a report from The Ladders, ATS software ranks your candidacy based on declaration essay how specifically your resume matches keywords and phrases in a job description. Aviation Master! Some software even looks for how uniquely the work experiences you listed match the job requirements. Here’s the rub — you can’t stuff your resume with an exhaustive list of experiences and hope to of independence essay, game the system into proposal and development, thinking you’re a perfect match. Of Independence! Having off-target keywords can score your resume down on witing essays relevancy. Use the essay, instruction from #3 to witing essays, research relevant keywords and ensure that your resume is declaration essay concise and serendipity targeted. To the greatest extent possible, your resume should uniquely match the requirements in of independence essay the job description. To sum it up: the bots are getting better at thinking contextualizing resumes, and recruiters are always aiming to interview candidates whose experiences adhere the most closely to positions they’re seeking to fill.

Therefore, having targeted, job-specific keywords throughout your resume is of independence essay more important than ever. Reason #5: Your resume lacks industry and company jargon or abbreviations. Experts suggest that adopting industry jargon or even including a company’s corporate lingo within your resume is a smart choice. Dissertation Proposal On Training And Development! If you think about it, it’s only logical for the hiring manager to input industry jargon and declaration of independence essay abbreviations into an ATS. Therefore, you will need to optimize your resume to essays, include these terms wherever possible.

Fortunately, this is very simple to do. Weave relevant jargon and terminology into your resume, and spell out the abbreviations and acronyms. DO NOT ever simply include an acronym or abbreviation by itself on a resume. You should always spell them out of independence essay, completely, followed by their abbreviation or acronym. Acronyms with Spelled out Examples. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agent with 10+ years of experience. Optimized and on brand purchased Pay Per Click (PPC) ads for a major software company Maintained plant operation’s perfect record of zero Operation Safety Health Administration (OSHA) recordables.

If you’re unfamiliar with a certain industry’s lingo, you can research jargon and declaration abbreviations specific to the field, sector, or industry in which you’re seeking employment. To sum it up: a resume with clean formatting and clear, targeted language gets you through ATS screening. Once you land that interview, however, it would be advisable to have a more descriptive and eye-pleasing version of your resume ready for your human recruiters. Thanks… this really was useful. Thanks for your comment Rasana! Glad we could help! Feel free to ask us any questions. I have found that in dissertations strategy order to get your resume even considered, you must really target each position for the relevant key words. Also, do the same for of independence essay your cover letter or add those that were missed in the resume. You are absolutely correct about targeting each position for relevant key words. One of the best places to of teaching critical thinking, pinpoint relevant key words is in of independence the position’s job description.

Great comment Jamie! I’ve been reading articles on cracking the ATS for a couple months now, just confounded at what I was doing wrong, or what I could do differently. this article has been more helpful than ALL the others! Thanks for that. Bookmarked! Thanks for your comment Pert!

Glad that you found our article useful. Good luck on thesis on immigration the job hunt! This is very useful information, thanks for sharing. Glad you found it helpful. Be sure to share it with your friends and get the essay, word out. Thanks for aviation master the comment. High Quality Candidates: If a company doesn’t care enough about of independence, you and your far superior talents, capabilities and experience that they throw an ATS software program in on brand your way DON’T reward them with an application! ATS software and all similar crap will be avoided by companies IF there’s a large enough movement among the declaration, highly qualified and most talented employee pool. Concentrate on those companies that treat you like a real human and on immigration avoid the automated people processors whenever possible! Companies will catch on to the detrimental nature of this “time and cost saving software” and of independence essay realize it’s costing them everything!

Many already have. Imagine, as with myself, you work in a totally “visual” industry where picture representations of your work tell virtually your whole story! Applying for a graphic design, art director or illustrator job has been rendered orders of magnitude more difficult with the witing essays, advent of ATS processing! The situation is about as insane as trying to get a singing job with no recordings of your voice being allowed and of independence essay no chance for a personal audition! Companies with H.R. people who have virtually no expertise in the commercial art field are already at a huge disadvantage in making any kind of qualified decisions regarding such applicants. Add to that a totally intrusive, opaque and “dumb” software program placed strategically as a final barrier to thesis on immigration reform, any chance of actually communicating your amazing talents and, well, you have the “perfect storm” of employment failure – both for the employer and declaration essay potential employee. Agreed. However, my line of work is not with the smaller companies that seem to actually read a resume but within the proposal on training, larger corporations and they ALL use ATS!

Buzz words (key words) are definitely the secret and of independence essay one must learn this and essays serendipity use the job description in the posting and customize the resume accordingly or else be among the roughly 75% that are automatically not reviewed and declaration essay receive the proverbial computerized canned rejection letter from a “do not reply” to email address! Definitely, if your are in the design and arts profession, ATS is surely the witing essays, Antichrist! Preach!! I 1000% get what you’re saying!! I’ve been in declaration of independence the advertising industry for 25 years, 13 years on serendipity staff, and the last 12 years as a freelancer. How in the world do you include 12 years of significant freelance work with several different clients on a multitude of different accounts with all kinds of varying calendar timing through an ATS and of independence expect it to spit out anything resembling a solid, successful overall career?? Despite the proposal and development, fact that so many highly qualified candidates are finding the ATS to be their ultimate challenge in declaration essay the job search, the witing essays, “sheeple” continue to of independence, just follow the guidelines to witing essays, gaming the system via keyword dumping rather than avoiding companies who rely on declaration essay filtering human beings through their ATS. Unfortunately for the likes of essays you and me, we don’t really have the luxury to NOT play along at least a little bit or get utterly left behind, but I agree completely that if more people just stop playing along, companies will finally get exactly what you said: it’s costing them everything! That’s easy to say if you have a job. But if you are unemployed, you have little choice.

This software should be outlawed. No wonder the nitwits in HR claim they ‘can’t find qualified people’, their ATS screened them out beforehand. Woww. Having the right information at the tip of your finger can actually ease the endless pain of of independence job seeking and resume submission without consideration. Thanks, your article is encompassing and indeed rich. Keep it up.

Glad we could help! Thanks for you comment. While I found this article very helpful as a job seeker, it is management a sad commentary on the state of corporate hiring today. We are being dehumanized and reduced to declaration of independence essay, automatons in the new world order system. This article is proposal so very. useful. It really helped me a lot to understand what I was doing wrong.

Just few. questions: 1) do you advise to declaration essay, mold my resume to match every single job I am. applying to? 2) In situations where one does not possess all of the of teaching, required. skills of a job posting, but one knows it will not take long to acquire them; how. do you suggest one should handle such situation? Ignore the job post, and move. to the next one?

Any advice is greatly appreciated. Yes, your resume should always be tailored to the specific job post. As far as skills go, check out this page for more advice: https://resumegenius.com/resume/skills-section-writing-guide. Thanks for you comment. Dude seriously?? and here I thought even after knowing whatever was the demand of our beloved employer I wasn’t getting hired because I had no skill. On top of essay that I didn’t even know ATS existed, I always thought living human beings reject me :p. Bravo…. and lamentation.

In these days of big data, it’s laughable that job matching is still such an thesis on immigration reform outrageously resource wasting game of hide and seek. Resumes and of independence essay job postings are still crafted as for a single pieces of paper formatted to dissertation on training and development, communicate all pertinent information in the 10 or so seconds of attention that conventional wisdom says they may receive. While an ATS attempts to tweak that Cretaceous period bottleneck, clearly there’s something missing. I’m considering starting a company that would provide the mirror analog of an ATS to of independence essay, job seekers for witing essays free, with the ultimate goal of steering development of the declaration essay, cooperative, common have/need data platform that would evolve once the inevitable war between the two systems runs its course (I’d rather just skip to the common platform, but sometimes you’ve got to witing essays, kick the of independence essay, mule). Who’s with me? How should I handle the master thesis, resume I post on job boards (e.g. Declaration Of Independence! Monster, Dice)?

That resume can’t be tailored to a specific job description. Should I use keywords common to many of the job descriptions for my target position? And then use a customized resume when I apply for a specific job? BINGO! Sounds like you know what you’re doing. Best of luck! Thanks for your help and for the great article. Cheers! Thanks for the comment! You bring up a good point — it’s important to create a resume that both gets through the ATS and appeals to hiring managers once it lands in their hands. Share Beat the of teaching critical, Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS): How to Survive Resume Reading Robots

Our code geeks and HR experts are proud to introduce our new Free Resume Builder software to help you land more interviews in declaration of independence essay today’s competitive job market. We provide HR-approved resume templates, built-in job description bullet point phrases to choose from, and easy export to MS Word and PDF. Get awesome job opportunities sent directly to your inbox. By clicking Send Me Job Alerts, I agree to essays, the Resume Genius Terms of of independence essay Use and Privacy Policy. Play the One-Minute Game That’ll Show You How to Improve Your Resume. Think you can judge the quality of a resume within 6 seconds? The answer may surprise you. Put your skills to the test, and learn how to make your resume 6 second worthy! 3 Reasons Why I Wouldn't Hire Tom Brady. Tom Brady’s resume is a couple yards short of a touchdown.

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stage management forms / templates. This is something I've only thought of lately. Naturally when starting a document, especially one that evolves over the course of production, like a scene breakdown, entrance-exit table, etc., I find myself using a lot of question marks. Sometimes it's helpful to declaration essay, know at a glance how many things are left to thinking, be decided. Sometimes I forget to update things once I have an of independence answer. If you're using a spreadsheet, database, or a word processor with advanced spreadsheet-like table features, you can create conditional formatting to automatically highlight your question marks. I like to set a condition that if a cell contains ? that it fills the challenges of teaching critical, background in a light pink and makes the text red. The moment I remove the question mark, it goes back to being a regular cell. Declaration Of Independence Essay. It's a very low-maintenance way to really make my questions stand out. I'm using a new template for this season's rehearsal and performance reports at The Reagle Players.

It's based on the performance report I developed on aviation thesis the Acting Company tour earlier this year, except the fancy graphics are toned down a bit so that it will paste directly into an email without losing its formatting. I do my reports using the app Pages, which is part of essay, Apple's iWork suite. The reports look basically the same in witing essays Word, except that the best part of the performance report -- the automatic calculation of the running time -- doesn't work, but you can just put it in by hand. The other thing that I like about it is that if you do your daily schedule as a table in another document, you can paste it right in within the Tomorrow's Schedule table. Declaration. Here are some sample pictures of aviation, what the reports look like, and you can download a zip file containing both reports in declaration either format. Have fun!

It seems nobody makes a calendar that allows you to control what it looks like. I came into the business at the tail end of the era of the thesis, standalone calendar app. Time was, people sold programs that would allow you to design a calendar to look just how you like it, and to contain the declaration of independence essay, information you want to share. Now, I guess they expect you to thesis reform, use Outlook or iCal, or some similar all-in-one app, which is essay a terrible way to go about producing a calendar for witing essays, other people to use that has nothing to do with your own personal schedule. When I was production coordinator for declaration of independence essay, the Florida premiere of the musical Bingo , I was lamenting this sad state of affairs over the phone to the company manager, and she said that she had a great Excel spreadsheet that I could use to make my very own calendar. She sent it to challenges thinking, me, and I have used it (with some of my own modifications) on every show I have done since, and have in turn passed it on to many other stage managers and company managers. My favorite thing about this format is that it's completely flexible.

If you're doing a show that runs a month from the 15th to the 15th, you don't need two separate pages for both months. Just make a calendar that starts with the of independence essay, first week and ends with the last. If your show runs seven weeks, there's nothing to witing essays, stop you from making a seven-week calendar (aside from essay having to squish things a little). I use the squares on either upper corner for serendipity, show logos. You can just drag your logo (or perhaps one show logo and one company logo) into the box and declaration of independence essay it should size appropriately. I have two basic formats I use for contact sheets. The one I'm really proud of is this one for what I would call fancy shows -- shows that are expected to run a long time and/or need a really robust contact sheet with lots of aviation management master thesis, info beyond just the essay, cell numbers and emails of the cast and witing essays creative team.

It can expand to as many categories as you need -- vendors, transportation, unions, alumni, etc. Declaration Of Independence. Appropriate uses would be Broadway, Off-Broadway, and thesis reform tours. The other type I use is for more informal shows, or shorter runs. This is declaration essay my standard for summer stock, where I need to fit tons of names but not a lot of information -- just job title, phone and email. The office keeps their own records of addresses and other info for payroll purposes, but in the few weeks the show lasts, there's not much need to hand out a big long contact sheet. Generally even with a 50-person cast, I can fit it on dissertation on training the front and back of a single piece of paper, which is declaration essay much easier for people to keep track of than one that's seven or eight pages long. Dissertations On Brand. In a perfect world if you are doing a fancy show you probably want to also have a contact sheet of of independence essay, this style so that folks can carry around a quick list of the people they would need to call most often. An important consideration for me when designing a contact sheet (or any paperwork, really) is that it can use color to make it easier to read (especially on a computer screen), but the color contrast has to be such that it will still make sense when it's printed in black and white. A contact sheet in particular is something that's likely to be photocopied, so if you use color to separate different types of information, you have to essays serendipity, make sure that it's still legible and that any differences in color that are used to identify something can still be told apart. I find that every show I do requires a little bit of creativity to shape my default contact sheet into something most appropriate for the situation. My templates have a bit of of independence, dummy information filled in to give you ideas of how I might use it, but feel free to aviation master, make it your own.

I've used this template for a couple years, most notably for my weekly schedules on The Acting Company tour. Declaration. I found people either loved it or hated it. When I came back for my second year, I intended to come up with something different. I gave up when I started receiving schedules before we started production, and found that in the intervening months it had become the default template in the office. I very rarely used this template myself, mostly it was the domain of the company manager, whose weekly schedule outlines the travel and other things that take the cast from point A to proposal, point B, and then when we started touring our TD used the same format for the crew's schedule. I guess if everybody else liked using it so much, it's not too bad. Above is an example of declaration of independence, one of our tour schedules. Download the witing essays, blank in .doc format, though if you're a Mac user, I suggest working with this or similar templates in Pages, as it makes working with tables much more fluid and predictable. Declaration Essay. The .doc above will open nicely in Pages.

Here's another format of challenges critical, schedule that I've used primarily for readings and declaration other relatively simple events (it's filled out here for a reading). On Immigration. It's good when there's not a need for declaration essay, very detailed information, or multiple events happening at serendipity once. It gives a good overview what the week (or in this case, the whole process) is going to look like. There's no reason each entry needs to be just one line -- you could beef it up with more detail in each box if you wanted to. If the above schedule is sufficient to communicate everything that's happening, good for you! If you're doing a musical or another project where you are bound to have simultaneous things going on everyday, this one may be more helpful. It's less of a template and declaration of independence more of an idea, since the exact layout will conform to whatever your schedule is on a given day, but take a look at this example from challenges Hello, Dolly! (this is not technically a weekly schedule, but a mid-week revision, so it only has three days on it). Declaration Of Independence. Click to make big.

As I said, you will have to set up the tables and cells specifically for how your day breaks down, but you can download a .doc of the above schedule if you just want to play around with how it's set up. Same as the simple schedule above, perhaps even moreso, if you're on a Mac and can use Pages, you will enjoy this format much more. My daily schedule for musicals with multiple rehearsal rooms is exactly the same as the Complicated Weekly Schedule above. Challenges Of Teaching Critical. So similar, in fact, that I'm not going to link to of independence, it separately, because it's exactly the same, except instead of having six days on it, it just has one. You can use the above template, just delete a couple of the days. On the last Acting Company tour I had my daily schedule generated by strategy my database, which is well beyond the scope of this page, and essay not yet ready for public consumption.

So I can't actually share it with you, but I can show you the end result, which would be easy to replicate in a word processor. When I built the database, I thought this linear format was going to be an absolute disaster -- impossible to challenges critical, follow and too inflexible for things that might come up. I was kind of restricted by the type of layouts that are possible in order for the schedule to be generated dynamically by the database, where it would be difficult to show things side-by-side appropriately. I was pleasantly surprised at how well it worked. Nobody ever said they couldn't read it, even on some crazy, crazy days.

And most important -- not a single actor ever missed a call because they mis-read the schedule , which is something I don't think I have ever experienced with any other format. The reason some rooms are listed in red is declaration essay because the database knows what the witing essays, default room for the show is -- in this case Rehearsal Room 2 at the Guthrie -- and will mark any other locations in essay red to catch the challenges critical thinking, actors' attention that they're not going to the usual place. It was apparently effective: everybody always seemed to know where they were going. So in short, I didn't think this format would work out very well, but I was building the essay, database a few days ahead of when I needed each part to be functional, and this was the aviation management master, best I could come up with for the schedule by first rehearsal. I can't explain why it works, but it does. I got this template from my former ASM on the Acting Company tour, Meaghan Rosenberger. The moment she presented her first draft of a prop list in essay this format, I declared that I was stealing it. It has a very simple but easy-to-read layout, with just the right amount of color to focus your attention on the important parts without being distracting. This is serendipity a slightly simplified version of the one we used, as you can customize it to declaration essay, whatever other areas of the theatre you may need to set props. I have added one touch of witing essays, my own, a master prop list on the first page, so you can track the design notes and acquisition of props, and then add them to the preset list once you know where they need to go, all in declaration of independence one document. The hardest thing about dissertation proposal and development wallet cards is getting them printed.

The template I'm about to share is designed for the Avery business card paper that has ten cards per declaration of independence sheet. Even with this information, there are so many different ways you can buy the on immigration reform, wrong paper, it's mind-boggling (I screwed it up again this year). Essay. Most of the ways you can fail involve printing on the back. Now if you don't want to print on the back, your choices are much easier, but it's a nice place to put some extra information -- I like to use it for dissertation on training and development, the company's unemployment ID number, and the worker's comp policy number. So first you need to declaration of independence essay, buy the kind of paper that can be printed on both sides. However, what I learned this week is that it's not enough to buy the two-sided paper. You also have to be careful if you use an inkjet that you find paper specifically designed for inkjets. Thesis On Immigration. What I bought was not particularly emblazoned with anything saying otherwise, except in the corner where there was a little rainbow thing that said, Now optimized for color laser printers! as if the declaration of independence essay, fact that I have ink all over my hands and ruined $10 worth of paper is dissertation on training a good thing. Declaration Essay. I guess part of optimizing it for laser printing is that they use the same coating on the back that they use on the single-sided paper, which inkjet ink comes right off of. So watch out for what you buy, and be aware that your local office-supply store may not carry all the various types to do a direct comparison. OK, now that you hopefully have the right paper, here's the template, in Word format.

It's based on my wallet cards for the Acting Company tour. I have left the logo, colors and addresses in so you can see how I had it laid out. Critical. Feel free to change it, unless of essay, course you are working for The Acting Company, in which case, most of your work is done! Once I have gotten the dissertations strategy, first card layout the way I like it, then I group all the elements and copy and essay paste them into reform each of the of independence essay, ten cells. It can sometimes be a little tricky because Word doesn't like playing with tables very much, from my experience. It's always a good idea to print on thesis on immigration plain paper first so you can make sure everything looks good, and hold it up to your card paper so you can make sure the essay, edges line up properly. You will probably also want to think about designing the on brand strategy, cards in such a way that they won't look wrong if the printing is a few millimeters off. When rehearsing a musical, unless there's really not much movement or dance, it's usually required to have the essay, edge of the stage marked with numbers in two-foot increments to facilitate choreography and spacing. If you're going to be really fancy you can use pre-made sturdy numbers that you would find in a hardware store. If you don't need something so permanent, or for a rehearsal room where you need to serendipity, be able to remove the of independence, numbers cleanly (maybe even every day), printing your own is critical thinking much cheaper and declaration easier. It's also an excellent solution for moments of oh crap we have to move studios for the next 4 hours and don't have numbers!

All you need is a printer, scissors, and one of my favorite tools: a folded piece of construction paper 2 feet long, which when you need to throw down some numbers in a quick-and-dirty manner, is faster and essays less obtrusive than using a tape measure. I have a PDF with a full set of numbers that goes up to 20. Here it is, if you'd like to declaration, use it. It also has guide lines for where to cut the numbers apart, and essays the centerlines of the numbers. When you're really, seriously, doing a dance show, sometimes you need an additional number line upstage. Hiding it is of independence essay a lot more difficult because if you've got a balcony the audience is probably going to be looking at proposal it all night. When I did White Christmas the stickers we were given weren't discrete or attractive enough even for downstage. We decided to customize my standard number line (which is big and ugly for rehearsal purposes) for a gray-on-black version with just the right amount of declaration, visibility. Originally we made two sets, with the upstage numbers even darker, but it didn't pass the dissertations, hey can you guys see this? test, so we used the lighter gray for both. You're going to need a lot of declaration essay, ink for this, so make sure they're taped down well.

Also your upstage line is probably going to get danced all over, so for reform, everyone's sake, make sure it's nice and smooth! This production shot gives a good view of declaration of independence, what the thesis, numbers look like onstage. When working under an of independence Actors' Equity contract, one of the first things to happen in the rehearsal period is the Equity meeting. Here votes are taken on a number of subjects, such as the length of the lunch break, and a number of dissertation, other rules mostly pertaining to how the rehearsal hours are used. The stage manager needs to provide ballots for declaration of independence, everyone to on brand, cast their votes, and then calculate the results. I have an Excel spreadsheet I use for declaration of independence essay, this purpose. The one shown above, which you can download is set up for four different votes (which in this case are the dissertations, length of lunch break, whether the of independence essay, company can do straight-six rehearsals all week, straight-six mixed with full-length rehearsals, and can rehearse on a two-show day). The options are different under different contracts, this one happens to thesis on immigration reform, be for LORT.

The spreadsheet is of independence set up for 15 ballots (in this case, 13 actors plus 2 stage managers). As the ballots are anonymous, the numbers 1-15 mean simply the of teaching critical thinking, order in which you open the ballots. If ballot #1 voted YES for the 1-hour lunch, put a 1 in of independence essay the YES column for that question, and so forth. On Immigration. The sheet will add up the number of votes, and based on declaration of independence the number you enter in row 21 (check your Equity rule book for what kind of majority you need -- i.e. simple majority, unanimous, 3/4, etc.) will tell you if it passed or not. The discuss section at the bottom is something I added to remind myself of any pertinent information I should tell the company to witing essays, clarify what they're voting on. For instance, in voting on the length of the lunch break, they should be made aware of of independence essay, how far they have to dissertations strategy, travel to get food. There comes a sad day in any stage manager's life when a show closes. And then there usually comes the even sadder realization that for some reason you're responsible for declaration of independence essay, packing up the serendipity, props.

If you're lucky, your show may be intended to have a life after the current production closes, in which case things need to be clearly labeled so they can be pulled out of storage and easily found if the show is remounted. Here's a very simple template for listing the contents of essay, any kind of container.

To Kill a Mockingbird Essay Topics. Directions: Write a 4-6 page ( 1000-1500+ word) essay, typed and double-spaced, on one of the following topics dealing with Harper Lee’s novel, To Kill a Mockingbird (1960). Compose your essay in such a way as to edify and inform readers who are unfamiliar with this book. Follow the format outlined below. Of Independence! Your essay will be graded on the basis of the following categories: content (How informative is your essay?), organization (Does it follow my format with a definite underlying structure?), narrative voice (Does the narrative sound credible and witing essays, coherent?) and clarity (Are the examples that are given in support of the thesis clearly presented and declaration, explained in depth? Topic A – Innocence and Experience – What are the major life-lessons that the essays serendipity younger characters in the novel ( Scout, Jem and Dill ) absorb as part of their coming-of-age in Maycomb, Alabama in the 1930s? You may pick one or more of declaration of independence essay these young people to write about and you may want to mention other kids in the story as well such as Walter Cunningham, Little Chuck Little, Burris Ewell, Cecil Jacobs and Francis Hancock.

Topic B – Sources of Enmity – What are the significant sources of tension (i.e. suspicion, mistrust, class prejudice, racial prejudice, snobbery, enmity, animosity, hatred) between various characters in the novel and what price is paid by certain characters for of teaching critical thinking these antagonisms? For this topic, in of independence essay addition to dissertation on training the younger characters mentioned above, you may want to concentrate on declaration of independence essay, any of the aviation master following adult characters: Old Mr. Radley, Nathan Radley, Boo Radley, Miss Stephanie Crawford, Miss Maudie Atkinson, Atticus, Calpurnia, Lula, Zeebo, Reverend Sykes, Aunt Alexandra, Tom Robinson, Bob Ewell, Mayella Ewell, Sheriff Heck Tate, Mr. Gilmer, Judge Taylor, Mr. Link Deas, Dolphus Raymond, Miss Merriweather, Mrs. Farrow, Mr. Underwood . Topic C – Dimensions of Social Inequality – What does this novel have to teach us about the problem of human inequality and the divisions within human society ? Write about specific dimensions of inequality in declaration of independence Maycomb, Alabama – i.e. the advantages and disadvantages that certain characters experience. Try to identify an aviation thesis underlying common lesson that unites each of declaration essay these characters. Critical! Your paper may choose to essay focus on characters such as Boo Radley, Tom Robinson, Bob Ewell, Mayella Ewell, Burris Ewell, Mr. Management Master Thesis! Cunningham, Walter Cunningham, Dill Harris, Dolphus Raymond or any of the other characters mentioned above. Topic Sentence Begin with a topic sentence that identifies the novel’s title and author. and makes some general comment about the overall significance of the novel.

General Exposition Next provide a general overview of the novel’s plot and subject matter and the principal characters. Narrow the Focus Be sure to narrow the focus so as to establish the range and scope of your essay. Thesis Statement At the end of your first paragraph, include a thesis statement or statements that specifically outline and clarify the life-lessons or sources of tension or dimensions of inequality that your paper will be analyzing. Be sure to include at least three (3) developmental paragraphs each one of which provides evidence examples illustrations (taken from declaration essay, various scenes in reform the novel) of the life-lessons or sources of tension or dimensions of declaration of independence essay inequality you have outlined in your thesis. Each developmental paragraph must include at least one or two relevant quotations followed by commentary and analysis. Remember to begin each developmental paragraph with A.) a topic sentence that identifies the example or evidence that is aviation master thesis, relevant to essay your thesis. Next, B.) set the scene sufficiently – i.e. explain what is happening in the story and which characters are involved before introducing a particular quotation. Next, C.) quote in challenges a concise manner any description and/or dialogue that you find especially important or illuminating.

For each quotation or paraphrase of of independence a scene, D.) provide relevant commentary and analysis – i.e. explain to your readers why each example or bit of evidence is significant. Use your conclusion to make editorial comments (for or again) the novel’s overall merits and its depiction of the problems and issues mentioned in dissertation on training and development your essay. You may also use the conclusion to comment on how the lessons of the novel relate to your own personal experience of related subjects. Freshman English I – To Kill a Mockingbird Essay Sample Thesis Statements. Topic A – Innocence and Experience – Difficult Lessons of Youth.

The three main children characters react in declaration different ways to the trial of Tom Robinson – and serendipity, take from it different lessons about the world; Dill who identifies strongly with Tom responds with panic and paranoia; Jem becomes cynical and disillusioned with the justice system, while Scout (perhaps like Harper Lee herself) remains accepting and hopeful about the of independence essay possibilities of social change. Aviation Management Master Thesis! The children in the novel – Scout, Jem and Dill in particular – learn harsh lessons about the declaration ways in which small towns and other close-knit communities can sometimes marginalize and de-value individuals who do not fit the mold. These three see what the older folks in the story are oblivious to: the loneliness and dissertations strategy, isolation that certain social pariahs (Boo, Mayella, Dolphus and of independence, Tom) are forced to endure. One of the big lessons that Scout learns in the story is how some children are branded from an early age as “acceptable” or “unacceptable” based on conditions and circumstances beyond their control. Dissertations On Brand Strategy! Aunt Alexandra’s judgments about the Radleys, the Cunninghams, the of independence essay Ewells, Calpurnia, etc. serve as the perfect foil to Scout’s more mature insights. Proposal On Training And Development! Harper Lee identifies with the declaration of independence essay children in the novel more than the adults – with the possible exception of witing essays Atticus. Like Scout , her sympathies lie with good-natured kids such as Dill Harris , and Walter Cunningham , as well as the more problematic Cecil Jacobs and Mayella Ewell . From each of them, though in different respects, we learn about the need for maintaining “dignity in the midst of squalor” or as Hemingway would say “grace under pressure.” Topic B Sources of Enmity (Ill-Will, Mistrust, Prejudice, Hatred, Animosity) The novel deals most obviously with racial prejudice , but the greater lesson has to essay do with class differences and how a person’s inherited social status or what Aunt Alexandra calls “heredity” – unfairly determines how individuals are treated by others.

Perhaps the major underlying sources of friction within the community are the economic hardships and uncertainties wrought by the Great Depression ; the novel can be seen as a parable about how certain people react in master extreme circumstances, some with fear, mistrust and suspicion, others with fair-play, generosity and good-will. The real source of tension in Maycomb is the ongoing rift between the country folk – poor white farmers who have been “hit the hardest” by the economic catastrophe and the city folk – merchants and professionals who are desperate to avoid slipping into declaration, absolute poverty. Caught in the middle of all this are the innocent characters – Boo Radley, Tom Robinson and thesis on immigration, Dolphus Raymond – who are just trying to declaration of independence essay mind their own business. Topic C – Dimensions of Social Inequality. Serendipity! Like other social protest novels, this novel makes a special case for the ideal of social equality – as a basic dignity that the law affords to all citizens, local or otherwise; the array of misfit characters including Tom Robinson, Boo Radley, Dolphus Raymond, Dill and even Mayella Ewell – each in their own way, show us the price that must be paid when the declaration of independence true meaning of democracy (“equal rights for all, special privileges for dissertations on brand strategy none”) is forgotten. Of Independence! Maycomb, Alabama – although fictional – is a microcosm for all the petty snobberies and prejudgments that exist in small towns all over America; while Harper Lee goes to great lengths to witing essays show the “logic” behind the existing social order, she is also brutally honest in exposing its shortcomings. [We see this most specifically in the struggles of Mayella Ewell, Walter Cunningham and Dolphus Raymond.] More than anything else, To Kill a Mockingbird is of independence, a book about the need for education , for literacy, and the advantages of literacy as the on brand strategy guarantor of equality and social mobility. The characters who value education (Scout, Atticus and Miss Maudie) are also the most generous and magnanimous in their treatment of others; the declaration characters who disparage learning (Bob Ewell, Mayella Ewell and Aunt Alexandra) are more fearful and suspicious of others.

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Brand Preference Literature Review. “A consumer buying a product is buying it for its function, performance, utility nevertheless he/she is declaration, buying for its image status” (Terpstra Sarathy, 1997). Witing Essays! In fact, consumer products have implications much greater than just their function or utility. (Levy, 1959; 2007 Business Monitor Survey, 2007; Ericksen, 1996; Mick, 1986; Czikszentmihalyi et al., 1981; Sriram, et al. 2006; Leigh and of independence essay Gabel, 1992;). Products are now are not just consumed for their material utilities but also for dissertations strategy, their symbolic meaning which is conveyed by their brand images. (Elliot, 1997). Deducing that, the products are not merely “sets of attributes which yield any particular benefit” (Holt, 1995, p. 1). Therefore, a consumer is much likely to of independence, use brands to express how he/she is either similar to/different from people of their group (Markus and on brand Kitayama, 1991).It has been reported by of independence, Bhat Reddy (1998) that, the brands have practical emblematic importance for its consumers. This emblematic importance that is on brand, associated with the brands, is often conveyed through the choice a of of independence, brands (McCracken, 1986; Gottdeiner, 1985). Meaning that, there exists relation between brand image, which is in sync along the consumer’s self image the emblematic importance of the aviation management master, brands. (Zinkham and Hong, 1991; Chang and Chieng, 2006). Consumer will prefer those brands whose personalities match to his/her self image (Schiffman and Kanuk, 2000). Of Independence! Consumers does so mainly to express themselves; as being alike to the personalities (Kassarjian, 1971; Aaker, 1999; Sirgy, 1982).

In other words, consumer prefers certain brands to either create or maintain his/her self image to themselves or to their groups (Zinkham and Hong, 1991; Sirgy, 1982; Wallendorf and Arnould, 1988). In current scenario, “purchase and aviation management master consumption have emerged as silent ways of self-expression” (Jamal and Goode, 2001, p. 483). Researches shows us that self expression or perceived self image do affect consumer’s brand preference their purchase intentions (Domestic Beer - US - December 2007, 2007; Ericksen, 1996; Mehta, 1999;) Its live example is, Ericksen’s research in 1996 where he found significant relation in self image and the intention to buy US based automobile (Ford Escort). Essay! Therefore, it could be inferred that “individuals prefer brands that do have image compatible with their self perceptions” (Solomon, 1983; Ericksen, 1996; Belk, et. al., 1982; Jamal and Goode, 2001; Zinkham and Hong, 1991;) The higher self image consistency will strengthen positive attitude towards brands products (Ericksen, 1996; Sirgy, 1982, 1985, 1991; Sirgy, et. al., 1997; Schoenfelder and Harris, 2004). Therefore, consumer’s self-image is strongly related to the brand’s image vice versa is also true. (Graeff, 1996). To the brand’s exact status deducibility for weather the brand is strongly related to the image of an individual; brand awareness is critical. Brand awareness is defined as, “a rudimentary level of strategy, brand knowledge involving, at declaration, the least, recognition of the brand name” (Hoyer and Brown, 1990, p. Witing Essays! 141), practically brand awareness is of independence essay, considered as a consumer’s ability to recognize a specific brand within a group in order to make the purchase (Percy and Rossiter, 1992). Of Teaching Critical Thinking! This reason that, every advertisement aims at creating and maintaining brand awareness; (McMahon, 1980; Investopedia, 2008).

Advertisers all over the globe employ repetition only to impress advertised brand on consumer’s consciousness making them feel comfortable aware of the brand. (Bogart, 1986). Declaration Of Independence Essay! It could be said that, advertisers pursue consumers to keep brand name in their evoked set for creating better chances of serendipity, purchase (Wang, 2007). Hoyer (1984) deduced that consumers are passive receivers of the declaration, product’s information and they spend minimal cost (i.e., efforts, time) in choosing amongst brands. However, “awareness does not only influence the first choice; but it also effects the choice on subsequent selections” (Hoyer and Brown, 1990, p. Challenges Of Teaching Critical Thinking! 147). Therefore, brand awareness has become a significant stimulator in decision-making process of the customer (Jarboe, 2006) as, increased brand awareness supports the probability of products being able to show up to consumer’s expectations and declaration essay the increased chances of a particular brand being purchased; (Baker, et. al. 1986; Nedungadi, 1990) which means that a consumer has greater a tendency to buy familiar and or well-established brands (Jacoby et al., 1977).

Moreover, researchers have also found positive relation between advertising for increasing brand awareness the sales (Jarboe, 2006; Bass and Leone, 1983; Bass and essays serendipity Clarke, 1972). Therefore, it could be proposed that brand awareness has significant influence on the consumer’s brand preference. Maneuvering the research further we reach a yet another key concept that could be discussed here is the concept of Customer-based brand equity as it has a tremendous effect on consumption behavior. Coustomer-based brand equity is defined as ““. . Of Independence Essay! . the differential effect that brand knowledge has on consumer response to the marketing of that brand. A brand is said to have positive customer-based brand equity when consumers react more favorably to a product and witing essays the way it is marketed when the brand is identified than when it is not” (Keller, 2003, p. 60).During 1980s theoretical researches were focused on measuring a brand’s equity via financial (Farquhar Ijiri, 1993; Swait et al., 1993; Simon Sullivan, 1990;) customer-based methods (Green Srinivasen, 1990; Rangaswamy et al., 1993; MacLachlan Mulhern, 1991). Declaration! Recently, brand equity has been predominantly defined in customer-based contexts (Keller, 1993) is further extended to include effect on purchase intent brand preference (Cobb et al. 1995; van Osselaer Alba, 2000), brand alliances (Rao Ruekert, 1994; Rao, et al., 1999). The focus of aviation master thesis, this research will be the brand equity from the brand alliance perspective. One of the essay, most researched field currently is brand alliance; brand alliances, is a market- driven relation where two brands co-exist so as to enhance value of the product.

It is defined as a the aviation management, circumstance where “. . . two or more brand names are presented jointly to declaration essay, the consumer.” (Rao et al., 1999 p. 259) The earlier researches on brand alliances illustrated its dangers; Farquhar (1994) suggested that brand alliances create higher asymmetrical brand associations which can dilute the brand image. Also, the brand equity has obvious dangers derived from the consumer’s perceiving potentially negative experience with an allying brand which they transfer to essays serendipity, the new allied product or brand. Surprisingly, recently, many researches addressing brand alliances have deduced that brand alliances have positive effects. Declaration Of Independence! Recent researches have found that brand alliances: allows the consumers to perceive that higher quality brands will only ally with high-quality brands. (Rao Ruekert, 1994) can develop favorable attitude towards a brand combination. (Simonin Ruth, 1995) may help the low-quality brand in gaining a good customer base when allying with a high quality brand. (Levin, Davis, Levin, 1996) can bring greater beneficial effects for aviation master thesis, less known brands than for the much known brands (Simonin Ruth,1998) may be helpful in signaling greater product quality to the customers. (Park et al., 1996) Despite aforesaid positive prediction, van Osselaer Janiszewski (2000) found that pairing two brands could produce both positive and negative effects on declaration the participating brands. Confirming previous research (e.g., Park, Jun, Shocker, 1996; Simonin Ruth,1998). Janiszewski and witing essays van Osselaer (2000) in their research concluded that a brand alliance can/can not be helpful for declaration, the allying brands, depending on when consumers were first aware of individual brand versus the brand alliance. However, the basic findings shows that brand alliance improves consumer evaluation of the focal brand (e.g., McCarthy Norris, 1999; Lafferty et al., 2004; Voss Gammoh, 2004; Vaidyanathan Aggarwal, 2000;Washburn et al., 2004;) as there exists different types of thesis on immigration reform, brand alliances such as partnerships for : joint promotions (Rao et al., 1999) where the essay, partnering brands (e.g., Ocean Spray Cranberry Juice Smirnoff Vodka) are promoted as being complimentary to each other; dual branding in case of two restaurants (e.g., Wendy’s Tim Horton’s) that share the same space (Levin Levin, 2000); and co-branding which involves complete physical integration (e.g., K.C. Masterpiece barbeque sauce flavoring with Ruffle’s potato chips) of two brands (Levin Levin, 2000). Concept of co-branding has been there since long, however the widespread practice of this concept in consumer goods market became popular in early 1990s. (Khan, 1999). Co-branding is termed as brand extension (Aaker and Kller, 1990), brand alliance (Park et al., 1996b; Rao and Ruckert, 1994), strategic alliance (Preble et al., 2000) marketing partnership.

In a larger context, co-branding is defined as collaboration of dissertation proposal, multiple brands in marketing, production, even technology while not loosing their separate individual business entities (Stewart, 1995). Declaration Of Independence! According to Park et al. (1996a) co-branding is a combination of witing essays, multiple brands to declaration essay, become a single separate brand. In addition, co-branding is also believed to add greater value to the customers is also known to be a good method to enter a new market. (Carpenter, 1994). Creation of shared values for customers is key aspect of co-branding. There exists several levels of co branding which are as follows from critical lower to higher level meaning higher the level closer is the practice to theory. Level 1 : Reach Awareness is the lowest level of involvement with largest potential for participation from declaration essay diverse fields. e.g. the management master, co branded credit card of General Motors’ /Visa. Level 2 : Values Endorsement, is when the essay, partnering brands aim at enhancing their customer’s perceived value through the endorsement of the brand value of the allying brands to the customer. E.g. the mutual endorsements of cookware manufacturer (Tefal) with cooking school (Le Cordon Bleu cooking school). Thesis! Level 3 : ingredient co-branding customer perception of higher value of essay, a brand can also be built by using ingredients from a market leader brand. e.g. use of Intel microprocessors Intel brand name in computer hardware industry. Reform! Level 4 : complementary this highest level of value creation is declaration of independence essay, categorized with smallest potential pool of participants; that is challenges critical thinking, minimum number of of independence, allying brands.

This level of co-branding is practiced mainly by two strong complementary brands. e.g. Dissertations On Brand! tie up between petrol pumps (Esso) supermarkets (Tesco) for 24-hour mini supermarkets at petrol pumps in UK.(Kippenberger 2002) Therefore, co-branding is a way to increase the influence scope of the brands, embrace newer technologies, enter new markets, reduce costs through cost sharing restimulating the essay, market demand through refreshing the brand image (Blackett and dissertations Boad, 1999).Moreover, co-branding helps in achieving greater brand awareness, higher sales revenue through reinforced brand reputation could also act as motivation for the employees customers to prefer the declaration of independence, new venture.(Chang, 2008). Therefore, co branding can act as a tool for gaining shot term strategic advantages as well as long term deliberate intensions. (Doshi, 2006). Co branding, is a marketing strategy that brings benefits like “ better brand exposure, higher sales, entrance in foreign markets, revenue from royalty payments market priming, reduced investments, access to cutting-edge technology, avoid barriers for thesis reform, entry exit, reduced risk, communication of product quality, quicker returns, ability to benefit from declaration of independence premium pricing, better relations between trade customer, effective communications, better consumer interest.” (Blackett and Boad, 1999, p. 22;Bhat and Reddy, 2001;). Visa MasterCard applied this concept in 1980s in aviation master, bankcard industry are known to be the pioneers of co-branding (Arend, 1992). Previously, co-branding strategies have also been used widely used by General Motors, General Electric, Ford ATT. (Raphel, 1994). In recent years, this concept has been practiced in service industries such as hotels, airlines etc. (Young et al., 2001) here the co-branding partners share their infrastructure which enables them in serving customer with lower operational costs (Boone, 1997). The alliance of Holiday Inn with TGIF with has caused in a boost in the sales for both the declaration of independence essay, companies (Casper, 1995).

Similarly, McDonalds Disney are jointly promoting each other (Jensen and Pollack, 1996), there are in market combined products of Nestle Contadina (Benezra, 1996). The airline industry is no exception to this practice, there are co-branded cards in the industry that facilitates customer by discounts on tickets, frequent flyer points, ticket upgrades, insurance, airport lounge usage, and dissertation proposal and development free companion tickets (Lee, 2001). Experts had proposed several guidelines research agendas as the practice of co-branding spread (e.g., Carpenter, 1994). Despite this growing practice of co-branding, very little empirical research is conducted on this subject; specially in the Indian automobile industry where Maruti-Suzuki, Hero Honda etc. like co-branded alliances outshine every global brand in terms of sales volume, market share. Almost, every literature on declaration essay the topic had defined this concept (e.g., Hahm and Khan, 2001) or described the advantages (e.g., Rao and Ruckert, 1994) and disadvantages of the strategy. This research will help us in developing fresh insight in witing essays, the phenomena of co branding practiced by declaration, automobiles giants in Indian automobile industry; moreover, focusing the research on the youths will also help in understanding the essays, future of co-branding in Indian context. Therefore, consumer’s self-image is strongly related to the brand’s image vice versa is also true. Therefore, it could be proposed that brand awareness has significant influence on the consumer’s brand preference.

The focus of this research will be the brand equity from the declaration of independence essay, brand alliance perspective. 2007 Business Monitor Survey, Part 2: Branding, Bundling, Channels, and dissertation Recycling. Dec. 2007. IDC. http://www.giichinese.com.tw/chinese/id58504-monitor-survey.html. Declaration Essay! (May. 18, 2008). Aaker, D.A., Kller, K.L., (1990). Consumer evaluations of brand extensions. Journal of Marketing 54 (1), 2741.

Aaker, J.L. 1999. The malleable self: the role of self-expression in persuasion. Journal of Marketing Research, 36(1), 45-57. Baker, W., Hutchinson, J. W., Moore, D., and Nedungadi, P. 1986. Brand Familiarity and Advertising: Effects on on immigration reform the Evoked Set and Brand Preferences, in Advances in Consumer Research, Vol.

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essay: Climate Change and the Carbon Tax. Climate Change and the Carbon Tax 17.7.2011. Why put a price on carbon ? (1,2) The battle to put a price on carbon pollution in Australia started almost 20 years ago, in of independence essay, the early 1990s. Since then most observed trends, from essays serendipity, greenhouse gas emissions to sea level rises, are in the upper range of scientific predictions. All reputable scientists agree that climate change is man-made, and a huge challenge for human civilization. Political efforts for an international agreement to limit climate change have more-or-less foundered. Since the declaration Cancun conference in 2010, there is an agreed goal to witing essays, try to limit the of independence planet’s average temperature rise to less than 2 degrees.

Although many countries are proceeding with their own measures, the Earth is likely to wander into the fire: 3-4 degrees warming by 2100 and witing essays up to 6-8 degrees in declaration of independence essay, centuries to come. This would disturb the global environment to serendipity, an extent beyond all human experience, provoking massive effects. Of Independence? Some might unfold slowly, such as reduced food production and subsequent famine across the on brand globe; but abrupt and irreversible events lurk behind the two degree firewall: the collapse of essay, entire ecosystems, destabilization of monsoon patterns, shutdown of ocean currents and the melting of the big ice sheets, with sea level rises in the multi-metre range. At Copenhagen we learned that a ‘four degree world’ would reduce the thesis on immigration reform planet’s carrying capacity for humans below one billion people; the world would be transformed into a hostile place beyond the capacity of most people to survive. Iconic marine systems like the Great Barrier Reef would be destroyed by essay rising, warming and master thesis more acidic oceans. Certain lethal diseases would become more widespread. Along with rising temperatures, increasing frequency of declaration essay, floods, droughts and of teaching storms would cause Australian farm output to declaration of independence essay, collapse to the point of endangering our food security.

This is the world of witing essays, climate policy failure that the carbon tax debate has barely mentioned; in the narrow tussle over immediate economic impacts, the declaration essay ‘greatest moral issue of our time’ has so far been sidelined. What is the carbon tax and how does it work ? (3,4) There has been confusion about what a carbon tax is and does; perhaps the word ‘tax’ is to blame. Unlike most taxes it’s not aimed at witing essays, raising revenue but at changing behaviour, to make it more likely that Australia will meet its targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Essay? Australia has more reason to do this than most other countries. Dissertations? We are the biggest per capita emitter of carbon dioxide among developed nations, and the world’s 10 th biggest emitter overall, despite our small population. In 2009 we emitted 19.64 tonnes per person, compared with the world average of 4.49 tonnes or China’s 5.83 tonnes. Declaration Of Independence? We have already experienced the effects of more extreme weather – from dissertation on training and development, droughts and bushfires to floods, and as a coastal nation we have much to fear from rising sea levels and ocean acidification. Advertisements from the declaration of independence resources sector urges Australia to do little, wait for bigger emitters to take action first, not get out in front; but our cities, infrastructure and agriculture are precariously vulnerable to climate change, and with our precious natural assets at witing essays, risk we have a direct interest in showing leadership. By linking the need to tackle climate change to declaration, economic reform, the government has sent a clear message to the biggest corporate and individual polluters, and made that need an integral part of the dissertations strategy way we live.

The 500 biggest corporate polluters will from July next year have to pay $23 for every tonne of their CO2 emissions, giving them an immediate incentive to transition to declaration of independence essay, new technologies. Thesis On Immigration? For families and individuals, those who can most afford it will face increasing costs if they fail to change their habits, while those on low and middle incomes will be compensated. Families living in larger houses, using more electricity, driving petrol-guzzling 4-wheel drives or running heaters and aircons excessively, can avoid extra costs by adjusting their lifestyles. Residents of essay, Malvern averaged 24.65 tonnes of greenhouse emissions last year, while citizens of less affluent Maryborough averaged 17.19 tonnes. So this is a first step towards encouraging the biggest polluters to proposal, discard wasteful habits and invest in essay, smarter energy use. It will set up the economy for deeper cuts down the track, and can be easily boosted if global action increases. Just as for individuals, the cost for most businesses will be quite light, cushioned by compensation packages aimed at easing the initial pain.

So it’s a gradual start, with a fixed carbon price from July 2012, then from July 2015 there’ll be a market – an emissions trading scheme with a floor and a ceiling price for carbon. This hybrid approach is a way of achieving long-term stability of the witing essays carbon price, encouraging investment in new technologies. This gradual start (due to industry and declaration political opposition) means that the biggest short term impact should come through ambitious spending programs driven by serendipity revenue from the tax. A $2 billion a year Clean Energy Finance Corporation, run by an independent board of declaration, energy and investment experts, should kick-start investment in thesis, large scale clean technologies, and in improving our substandard industry energy efficiency and declaration of independence ‘clean’ goods manufacturing. Thesis? Some revenue will be spent buying out and shutting down about 2000 megawatts of the dirtiest coal power, including Hazelwood or Yallourn power stations in the Latrobe Valley. A Climate Change Authority, run by former Reserve Bank chairman Bernie Fraser, will make annual recommendations on declaration Australia’s greenhouse targets, based on assessment of what is happening elsewhere. Treasury modelling suggest that Australia’s emissions will now rise slightly in the years ahead, before starting to fall in a couple of decades. They will quickly be a lot lower than without a carbon price, and than most analyses of the challenges critical Coalition’s ‘direct action’ policy, but Australia will only reach its targets by declaration of independence essay buying international carbon permits for a long time to come. Will we feel much pain ? (3,5)

So large are the compensation packages for households that a majority may be better off. Two thirds of households (6 million) will be fully compensated, about 4 million will be overcompensated, and most petrol use is initially exempt. Average bills are expected to rise by $3.30/week for electricity, $1.50 for gas, S1.10 for food. Consumer prices will jump on average 0.7% in 2012-13, much less than the 2.5% increase after the GST. Compared with Howard’s GST, the carbon tax is essays, forecast to raise only one sixth as much over its first three years; the of independence essay GST also included generous compensation packages. The income tax-free threshold will almost triple to $18,200 when the scheme starts, and incomes below $80,000 will get a tax cut. Witing Essays? Employment will grow by around 1.6 million by 2020 and by a further 4.4 million by 2050 with or without a carbon tax. The impact on industry is cushioned by compensation of declaration essay, $9.2 billion over the first three years. On Brand Strategy? Although petrol is initially excluded, heavy transport will start paying a carbon tax in 2014. Of Independence Essay? The most polluting industries (steel, aluminium, zinc, paper) will at first get free emission permits worth 94.5% of their average carbon cost.

Coal mines will get $1.3billion, and surviving coal-fired power stations will get $5.5billion compensation, with other big packages for the steel industry, manufacturers and threatened communities. Agriculture is excluded, and there’s $1billion to help store carbon in essays serendipity, the landscape (saving forests) and a similar amount to declaration, preserve biodiversity by restoring vegetation and ecosystems. More biodiverse ecosystems store more carbon more securely, and are more resilient to the impacts of witing essays, climate change. What other countries are doing : (1,3) Australia has long been perceived internationally as a top polluter and declaration of independence a laggard on climate protection. In 2007 the Intergovernmental Panel on aviation management thesis Climate Change indicated that industrialized countries must reduce their emissions by essay 25-40% below 1990 levels by 2020 for the world to have a chance of staying below 2 degrees of global warming, rightly calling this the critical decade for action. Thesis On Immigration? In the 1990s carbon and energy taxes were introduced in The Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and Denmark – none came to ruin. The European Union has had a 30 country emissions trading scheme since 2005, with a 20% reduction target below 1990 levels by 2020. Before this Germany had passed a comparable eco-tax and protected it by of independence using it to lower industry superannuation contributions; it has cut emissions by 22%.

The UK has already cut its carbon emissions by 23% and aims to on brand strategy, halve them by 2025. Declaration Essay? South Korea has an ETS and a 30% reduction target by dissertations on brand strategy 2020. Many other countries and provinces have varying schemes in place. Despite our prime polluter status, we are pursuing a 5% reduction below 2000 levels by 2020, and declaration essay have a long-term target of minus 80% by 2050. Our mitigation effort and short-term target are among the weakest of all industrialized and major industrializing nations. We are setting an example that says ‘It’s OK to go slow’, but the science says otherwise, and serendipity it is declaration of independence, widely believed that success in avoiding environmental disaster depends on the rate at which we can cut emissions. By analogy, if you are trying to lose 30kg by Xmas, start now and you’ve got a chance; start on thinking Dec 23 rd and you’ll need surgery which will be very unpleasant and declaration quite possibly lethal. Dissertations? Australia’s rate of emissions reduction needs to be a lot faster than 5% by 2020 to avoid crashing our economy in the following decades. Declaration Of Independence Essay? More optimistic predictions claim that if all nations did something like Australia, there’d be a 60% chance of limiting global temperature rise to 2 degrees, but this assumes no tipping point accelerates global warning in an unforeseen way. To argue that curbing Australian emissions will make no difference to global emissions is as silly as saying that paying personal income tax makes no difference to the nation’s budget.

Opposition to a carbon tax : (1) In this the defining political and witing essays moral issue of our times it is unfortunate that, rather than having the bipartisan support it deserves, it is embroiled in one man’s mission to become Prime Minister. Essay? Australian resource industry lobby groups and strategy conservative politicians have beaten up the carbon tax as a radical, painful measure; as Australia ‘going it alone…… ahead of the pack’, and of independence essay our media bears some responsibility for perpetrating this deception. Much has been made of Gillard’s ‘lie’ or backflip – that she said before the election that she wouldn’t introduce a carbon tax. Witing Essays? I guess she didn’t reckon on being in a minority government with the Greens, to whom I for one am grateful. In any case, I have no problem with a leader who can change her mind in response to changing circumstances that demand action. Certainly Abbott once supported a carbon tax but has changed his position to suit his agenda. The Productivity Commission recently concluded that market pricing mechanisms are the best way to cut emissions at least cost – in contrast to of independence essay, a costly ‘picking winners’ approach, which the Coalition’s ‘direct action’ policy would perpetuate. Market pricing mechanisms have the flexibility to take account of changing conditions and needs, domestically and master globally. Even if the declaration of independence essay Coalition wins office and is prepared to roll back the tax cuts, it is unlikely to have the numbers in the Senate to dissertations strategy, dump carbon pricing. Turning around emissions growth this decade, then cutting greenhouse pollution by 80% by 2020 would put Australia on the trajectory the world needs to avoid the catastrophic consequences of 4 degrees warming.

The next few years are critical, as the planet’s systems are poised on the brink of a man-made climate shock equivalent to the most devastating shifts nature has ever delivered on human civilization. The fate of the biosphere looks likely to depend on of independence essay pioneer countries that are willing to aviation management master, lead by example, and form sub-global alliances. For instance, Germany has embarked on a steep road towards complete decarbonisation of declaration of independence, its economy by 2050. A recent Stockholm symposium attended by on immigration 20 Nobel laureates recommended that this serve as a role model for the world – so Australia, with its special vulnerability, could be part of such a venture. A meaningful, stronger carbon price would be an acclaimed step, also helping to create the structures which could become a global carbon market. There must be parallel developments promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy – Australia bathes in free sunshine. We would need to take a diplomatic stance that shows we are serious; in declaration of independence, closed ministerial meetings away from the public spotlight, and in the new progressive Cartagena Dialogue Group, Australia has so far been less progressive than the world needs it to be. True leadership would have many benefits, including a burgeoning green industry to help diversify our income base away from traditional resources, and remaining competitive in a world that will rapidly move away from dependency of fossil fuels. Christoff P and Eckersley R, A Soft Start on Carbon, The Age 11.7.

2011 Schellenhuber, HJ A Pioneer Role for Australia, The Age 11.7.11 The Age Editorials, 11.7.11 and challenges of teaching critical thinking 12.7.11 Morton A Gillard makes tentative steps towards a cleaner greener future, The Age 11.7.11 Martin P Economy will pay a small price: Treasury, The Age 11.7.11 Chandler J Good start, but only the beginning of decarbonizing the economy, The Age 11.7.11.